Chemistry
Bonding, shape and intermolecular forces
- 1.
Explain why molten sodium chloride conducts electricity but solid sodium chloride does not.
[3 marks] · no calculator - 2.
Predict the shape of CO2 and explain why its polar bonds do not produce a permanent molecular dipole.
[3 marks] · no calculator - 3.
Compare the H-N-H and H-O-H bond angles in ammonia and water using electron-pair repulsion.
[3 marks] · no calculator - 4.
Ethanol has a higher boiling point than dimethyl ether although they share a molecular formula. Explain this difference.
[3 marks] · no calculator - 5.
A material is hard, has a very high melting point and does not conduct when solid. Evaluate whether these observations prove it is diamond.
[4 marks] · no calculator - 6.
Explain why graphite conducts along its layers and is soft, whereas diamond is insulating and hard, despite both being carbon.
[4 marks] · no calculator
Marking points are indicative, not an official mark scheme. Accept equivalent valid methods and supported interpretations that address the task; award each mark once without requiring the model wording.