School / IB / CHEMISTRY SL / Structure 1: models of particulate nature of matter Question practice
Structure 1: models of particulate nature of matter About this practice States of matter, atomic structure and electron configuration.
Chemistry SL Structure 1: models of particulate nature of matter
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1 State the three states of matter, and describe the arrangement and movement of particles in each. Easy 3 marks No calculator + 2 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “State the three states of matter, and describe the arrangement and movement of particles in each.” Their response addresses only this point: “States solid, liquid and gas as the three states of matter.” Evaluate the response against the complete 3-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. Marking analysis Easy 3 marks No calculator + 3 An atom of chlorine-35 has atomic number 17. State the number of protons, neutrons and electrons it contains. Easy 3 marks No calculator + 4 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “An atom of chlorine-35 has atomic number 17. State the number of protons, neutrons and electrons it contains.” Their response addresses only this point: “States 17 protons (equal to the atomic number).” Evaluate the response against the complete 3-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. Marking analysis Easy 3 marks No calculator + 5 Chlorine contains 75% chlorine-35 and 25% chlorine-37. Calculate its relative atomic mass. Easy 3 marks Calculator + 6 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “Chlorine contains 75% chlorine-35 and 25% chlorine-37. Calculate its relative atomic mass.” Their response addresses only this point: “Uses a weighted-average calculation with the given percentages as weights.” Evaluate the response against the complete 3-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. Marking analysis Easy 3 marks Calculator + 7 Write the full electron configuration of a phosphorus atom (atomic number 15) using subshell notation. Easy 3 marks No calculator + 8 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “Write the full electron configuration of a phosphorus atom (atomic number 15) using subshell notation.” Their response addresses only this point: “Fills 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ correctly (10 electrons).” Evaluate the response against the complete 3-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. Marking analysis Easy 3 marks No calculator + 9 Explain why successive ionization energies of an element always increase, and how a large jump between two successive values provides evidence for electron shell structure. Easy 3 marks No calculator + 10 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “Explain why successive ionization energies of an element always increase, and how a large jump between two successive values provides evidence for electron shell structure.” Their response addresses only this point: “States that each successive electron is removed from an increasingly positively charged ion, requiring more energy.” Evaluate the response against the complete 3-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. Marking analysis Easy 3 marks No calculator + 11 Calculate the number of moles in 5.85 g of sodium chloride, NaCl. Use Ar: Na = 23.0, Cl = 35.5. Easy 3 marks Calculator + 12 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “Calculate the number of moles in 5.85 g of sodium chloride, NaCl. Use Ar: Na = 23.0, Cl = 35.5.” Their response addresses only this point: “Calculates Mr(NaCl) = 23.0 + 35.5 = 58.5.” Evaluate the response against the complete 3-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. Marking analysis Easy 3 marks Calculator + 13 State Avogadro's constant and use it to calculate the number of molecules in 0.25 mol of water. Easy 3 marks Calculator + 14 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “State Avogadro's constant and use it to calculate the number of molecules in 0.25 mol of water.” Their response addresses only this point: “States Avogadro's constant as 6.02 × 10²³ per mole.” Evaluate the response against the complete 3-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. Marking analysis Easy 3 marks Calculator + 15 Outline why successive ionization energies show a general increasing trend across each shell, but sub-shell structure (s, p) causes small irregularities within a shell. Easy 2 marks No calculator + 16 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “Outline why successive ionization energies show a general increasing trend across each shell, but sub-shell structure (s, p) causes small irregularities within a shell.” Their response addresses only this point: “States that within a shell, ionization energy generally increases as electrons are removed from progressively more stable (lower-energy) sub-shells.” Evaluate the response against the complete 2-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. Marking analysis Easy 2 marks No calculator + 21 Calculate the volume occupied by 0.75 mol of oxygen gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP), given that 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.7 dm³ at STP. Easy 2 marks Calculator + 22 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “Calculate the volume occupied by 0.75 mol of oxygen gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP), given that 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.7 dm³ at STP.” Their response addresses only this point: “Uses volume = moles × 22.7 dm³.” Evaluate the response against the complete 2-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. Marking analysis Easy 2 marks Calculator + 25 Write the electron configuration of the Na⁺ ion (sodium, atomic number 11), and state which noble gas has the same electron configuration. Easy 3 marks No calculator + 26 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “Write the electron configuration of the Na⁺ ion (sodium, atomic number 11), and state which noble gas has the same electron configuration.” Their response addresses only this point: “States the electron configuration of the neutral sodium atom: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹.” Evaluate the response against the complete 3-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. Marking analysis Easy 3 marks No calculator + 27 Describe and explain the general trend in first ionization energy across period 3 (Na to Ar), in terms of nuclear charge and atomic radius. Easy 3 marks No calculator + 28 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “Describe and explain the general trend in first ionization energy across period 3 (Na to Ar), in terms of nuclear charge and atomic radius.” Their response addresses only this point: “States that first ionisation energy generally increases across the period from Na to Ar.” Evaluate the response against the complete 3-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. Marking analysis Easy 3 marks No calculator + 29 Explain why first ionization energy decreases down group 1 of the periodic table (Li to Cs), in terms of atomic radius and shielding. Easy 3 marks No calculator + 30 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “Explain why first ionization energy decreases down group 1 of the periodic table (Li to Cs), in terms of atomic radius and shielding.” Their response addresses only this point: “States that atomic radius increases down the group, as electrons occupy additional shells further from the nucleus.” Evaluate the response against the complete 3-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. Marking analysis Easy 3 marks No calculator + Self-assessed Not marked yet
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