Reactivity 1: entropy and spontaneity (HL)
Born-Haber cycles, entropy and Gibbs free energy.
Review and practiseHL-only depth within Reactivity 1 (entropy, Born-Haber cycles) and Reactivity 2 (advanced acid-base equilibria).
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Born-Haber cycles, entropy and Gibbs free energy.
Review and practisepH curves, buffer solutions and acid-base indicators.
Review and practiseStart with foundations, then move through application and challenge. Stages use activity marks and complexity.
Recall core ideas and establish reliable methods.
26 activities availableConnect concepts and apply them in exam-style contexts.
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