School / IB / PSYCH HL / Sociocultural approach Exam-style + marking analysis
Sociocultural approach How culture and social context shape behaviour, examined on Paper 1 at HL depth.
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Psychology HL Sociocultural approach
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1 A cross-cultural study compares conformity rates on a simple perceptual judgement task between participants from a collectivist culture and an individualist culture, finding higher conformity in the collectivist sample. (a) Identify the research design used, naming the type of comparison. (b) Suggest one cultural dimension, other than collectivism/individualism itself, that could explain the difference. (c) State one methodological challenge specific to comparing behaviour across two different cultures. ✓ Reviewed Paper 1 style Medium 4 marks No calculator + 2 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “A cross-cultural study compares conformity rates on a simple perceptual judgement task between participants from a collectivist culture and an individualist culture, finding higher conformity in the collectivist sample. (a) Identify the research design used, naming the type of comparison. (b) Suggest one cultural dimension, other than collectivism/individualism itself, that could explain the difference. (c) State one methodological challenge specific to comparing behaviour across two different cultures.” Their response addresses only this point: “Identifies the design as a cross-cultural, quasi-experimental/comparative study.” Evaluate the response against the complete 4-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. ✓ Reviewed Marking analysis Medium 4 marks No calculator + 3 A study finds that individuals are more likely to help a stranger in an emergency when alone than when surrounded by several other bystanders. (a) Name this phenomenon. (b) Outline one cognitive explanation for why the presence of others reduces helping behaviour. (c) Outline one additional explanation, distinct from the one given in (b), for the same phenomenon. ✓ Reviewed Paper 1 style Medium 5 marks No calculator + 4 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “A study finds that individuals are more likely to help a stranger in an emergency when alone than when surrounded by several other bystanders. (a) Name this phenomenon. (b) Outline one cognitive explanation for why the presence of others reduces helping behaviour. (c) Outline one additional explanation, distinct from the one given in (b), for the same phenomenon.” Their response addresses only this point: “Names the bystander effect.” Evaluate the response against the complete 5-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. ✓ Reviewed Marking analysis Medium 5 marks No calculator + 7 In Bandura's Bobo doll study, children who observed an adult model behaving aggressively towards an inflatable doll later imitated similar aggressive actions when given the opportunity to play with the doll themselves, even without being directly rewarded for aggression. (a) Name the theory this study is used as key evidence for. (b) Outline the cognitive processes this theory proposes must occur for a child to successfully learn and later reproduce the observed behaviour. ✓ Reviewed Paper 1 style Medium 4 marks No calculator + 8 Marking analysis: A learner attempts the following task: “In Bandura's Bobo doll study, children who observed an adult model behaving aggressively towards an inflatable doll later imitated similar aggressive actions when given the opportunity to play with the doll themselves, even without being directly rewarded for aggression. (a) Name the theory this study is used as key evidence for. (b) Outline the cognitive processes this theory proposes must occur for a child to successfully learn and later reproduce the observed behaviour.” Their response addresses only this point: “Names social learning theory.” Evaluate the response against the complete 4-mark task. Identify what earns credit and state every additional requirement needed for full marks. ✓ Reviewed Marking analysis Medium 4 marks No calculator + Self-assessed 0 / 0
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